Irish Rail received complaints of racism, verbal sexual harassment, assaults and drug-taking on trains last year.
There was a 60% increase in anti-social behaviour complaints in 2022, compared to the previous year.
General secretary of the National Bus and Rail Union, Dermot O'Leary, says rail staff are experiencing abuse on a daily basis.
"In lots of cases, they'll be racially abused, or face sexual assault, in the case of some, of our female public-facing staff.
It's growing, on an almost weekly basis.
And I suppose really what people should realize is that it's not now confined to just the urban areas where, where traditionally, there would have been hotspots of bad behaviour, it's now practically nationwide."
444 antisocial behaviour complaints were received last year, up from 277 in 2021.
Complaints of anti-social behaviour relating to the Dublin to Belfast and Dublin to Cork lines have been released under the Freedom of Information Act.
Many are linked to drunk and disorderly behaviour.
A woman and her husband on the Belfast line said a group of seven or eight drunken youths shouted sectarian, sexual and racial slurs on their journey.
A passenger on the Cork train claims a person took out a white substance and snorted it right off the table.
A couple claims they were subjected to verbal abuse and threats of violence from a group of sports fans.
Another passenger claims they were verbally sexually harassed by two drunk men.
One person said they witnessed a woman screaming in a man's face, threatening to kill him.
One passenger says they were kicked in the head by a man as they sat on the floor between two carriages.
Irish Rail says it has been working with the gardai, private security staff and employees to address anti-social behaviour and says it's a societal issue that it's not immune to.
